Ukraine’s military has employed a novel strategy to advance on the front lines in the Donetsk oblast by converting armored personnel carriers (APCs) into explosive devices. Brigadier General Andriy Biletsky, a commander in the Third Army Corps, disclosed that Soviet BTR-60s were transformed into robotic kamikaze complexes to breach enemy defenses. This tactic has enabled progress in the Lyman sector during a counteroffensive, with a focus on unmanned vehicles and drones.
Operation Vivaldi, as the mission is called, has thwarted Russian attempts to capture Ukraine’s critical ‘Fortress Belt’ of fortified cities, key for maintaining control of the Donbas region. The operation’s success underscores Ukraine’s innovative use of technology and combat strategies.
Strategic Deployment of BTR-60s
Brigadier General Biletsky shared insights into Operation Vivaldi, revealing the strategic movement of Ukrainian troops. They advanced from Shandryholove towards Zelena Dolyna, distracting Russian forces from the main target at Nove. This maneuver convinced Russian forces falsely that Shandryholove was the primary objective, causing them to deplete resources in unnecessary counterattacks.
The BTR-60s, originally troop transporters developed in the 1950s and still used by Russian forces, were repurposed into vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices (VBIEDs). These converted vehicles played a crucial role in breaching Russian defenses and dismantling fortified positions.
Operational Success and Secrecy
As a result of this operation, Ukrainian forces have liberated a total of 67 square miles, including 19 square miles in the third phase alone. The element of surprise, maintained through strong operational security and counter-drone measures, contributed significantly to Ukraine’s success. Deputy Commander Major Maksym Zhorin noted the use of electronic warfare systems to keep advancements undisclosed.
Despite these achievements, Russian military bloggers have downplayed Operation Vivaldi’s effectiveness, claiming retention of their positions. However, Ukrainian military observer Yuriy Butusov accused pro-Moscow channels of spreading false information to obscure Russian losses. Further criticism from Russian sources targeted their defense ministry for failing to recognize the operation or accurately identify the front lines.
The Institute for the Study of War reported that Ukrainian forces now control Nove and Shandryholove, with Russian positions significantly distanced from these areas.