Extreme heat is becoming more frequent worldwide, resulting in longer heat waves. Such rising temperatures increase the risk of heat-related illnesses, including heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Below is guidance from experts on how you can stay cool during intense heat, even without air conditioning.
Keep Cool, Even If You Don’t Have Air Conditioning
Maintaining cool temperatures and staying hydrated are crucial to prevent discomfort and sickness in extreme heat. If you lack air conditioning or if your unit is insufficient, consider the following tips:
- Lightly mist your skin with cool or room-temperature water.
- Use blankets or dark sheets to block sunlight from windows that receive afternoon sun.
- Open windows at night and use fans to circulate air if you lack A.C.
- Dampen a cloth with cool water and apply it to your forehead.
- Limit outdoor strenuous activity when possible.
- Add ice cubes to your water bottle, especially outdoors.
- Avoid using the stove or oven to prevent added heat.
Watch for Signs of Heat Exhaustion
Heat exhaustion symptoms in adults include heavy sweating, cold or clammy skin, a rapid weak pulse, nausea or vomiting, muscle cramps, fatigue, dizziness, or headaches and fainting. If you notice these symptoms, try the following:
- Increase water intake.
- Move to a cooler area, if possible.
- Loosen clothing or take a cool bath.
- Use cool, wet cloths on the body.
Seek medical attention if vomiting occurs or if symptoms persist or worsen after an hour.
Recognize the Signs of Heat Stroke
Heat stroke symptoms include a high body temperature of 103°F or higher, hot or red skin, a strong and rapid pulse, headache, dizziness, nausea, and fainting.
Someone with heat-related illness may appear clumsy or less coordinated. Ask them if they have a headache, feel nauseous, or dizzy. Engage them in various topics to check for confusion.
Call 911 immediately if these symptoms are present. Move the person to a shaded or cooler area and use cool cloths or a cool bath to lower body temperature.