NASA plans to return humans to the moon after over 50 years. Artemis III is the third mission in a series designed to achieve this goal. Success could lead to a permanent lunar presence and support future Mars exploration.
In April, Artemis II sent four astronauts on a 10-day trip around the far side of the moon. However, Artemis III will focus on Earth orbit. Its crew will test NASA’s Orion spacecraft’s ability to rendezvous and dock with lunar landers.
This mission allows NASA to practice space maneuvers required for future missions. During a moon landing, astronauts would transfer to a lander docked with Orion. The lander would transport the crew from lunar orbit to the moon’s surface and back again.
SpaceX and Blue Origin are developing two landers for Artemis. NASA may use one or both for Artemis III.
Originally set for 2028, Artemis III was moved to mid-2027. Instead of heading to the moon, it will stay near Earth to simplify testing and reduce risk.
Increasing flight frequency with NASA’s Space Launch System and Orion helps engineers detect and resolve issues with the rocket or spacecraft.
Key details remain unclear, such as mission duration, attempts to enter a lunar lander, and scientific research plans. NASA will update progress during the crew announcement on Tuesday.
Katrina Miller is a science reporter for The Times based in Chicago. She holds a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Chicago.