In Arachova, Greece, Giannis Stathas recalls days of being snowed in as a child, highlighting a change in snowfall patterns. Arachova is known for its ski resort, and the local mayor, Stathas, reflects on how snowfall has significantly reduced in recent years. Regions on Mount Parnassos, once blanketed by snow, now have less coverage. Snow used to fall at lower altitudes than it does today, indicating a worrying trend.
Supporting his observations, recent research by the University of Cambridge’s Scott Polar Research Institute confirms that snow cover across Greek mountains is diminishing rapidly. Konstantis Alexopoulos, a snow hydrologist involved in the study, reports a reduction of more than 50% in snow coverage since the mid-1980s.
The study used satellite imagery from NASA and the European Space Agency, along with machine learning techniques to fill data gaps caused by limited satellite passes and cloud cover. Alexopoulos emphasizes the importance of snow as a natural water reservoir. Unlike rain, which quickly flows away, snow maintains water supplies during dry seasons, which is crucial for Mediterranean climates with limited summer rainfall.
The declining snow cover is linked to rising temperatures from greenhouse gas emissions. Alexopoulos notes that the rate of climate change affecting Greek mountains is significantly higher than global averages, contrasting sharply with other mountainous regions such as the Andes and Himalayas.
This study marks a critical analysis of Greek mountains, an area often neglected due to access challenges and limited measurements. In Greece, the importance of snow in water resource management has only recently gained attention.
In Arachova, the impact is already visible. Aktida Koritou, a local restaurant owner, notes that the village relies entirely on snowmelt for water. Residents have become more conscientious about conservation efforts, particularly during summer when shortages peak.
The mayor reports drying springs and empty reservoirs, with significant water scarcity occurring from late August to early October. While an unexpected snowfall in April was welcomed, it did little to refill the reservoirs.
Efforts to adapt include exploring small dam constructions and snow retention tactics at the ski center. With less snow, vegetation dries out, increasing fire risks. Stathas recalls when fires were not a threat, a condition that has changed alongside the climate.
Arachova’s economy centered on skiing is also adjusting. Koritou, with experience working at the ski center, notes a delayed ski season, impacting tourism as visitors opt for places with reliable snowfall, like Switzerland.
To diversify, the municipality is promoting Arachova as a summer destination, emphasizing the region’s cooling effect and proximity to swimming areas.
Reflecting on winters past, locals remember a time when snow was guaranteed each year, changing lifestyles seasonally. Koritou shares memories of community efforts to clear snow, persistent layers throughout winter, and a sense of longing for the once consistent snow.